Microfilm
- "IX. Census Records & Vital Statistics of Maryland in Liberia", Maryland State Colonization Society Papers, Maryland Historical Society; digital image, Maryland State Archives.
- "Manumissions and Emigrants, Emigration, Record of Emigrants", Maryland State Colonization Society Papers, Maryland Historical Society; digital image, Maryland State Archives.
- "Outgoing Correspondence, 1839-1912, Letters from Liberia, 1843-1874", American Colonization Society Records, Manuscript Div., Library of Congress; digital image, Fold3.com.
- "Subject File, 1792-1964", American Colonization Society Records, Manuscript Div., Library of Congress; digital image, Fold3.com.
- "Subject File, 1792-1964, Applicants for Emigration, 1826-1856", American Colonization Society Records, Manuscript Div., Library of Congress; digital image, Fold3.com.
- American Colonization Society Records, Manuscript Div., Library of Congress; digital image, Fold3.com.
- Document 4. Report of the Committee on the Coloured Population, of Answers of the President of the Colonization Society of Maryland, in Obedience to the Order Adopted by the House of Delegates, on the 4th January, 1841.; digital image, Archive.org.
- Document F. Report of the Colonization Society, in Answer to an Order of the House of Delegates of the Second January, Eighteen Hundred and Forty-Four;: Library of Congress, Records of the States of the United States of America: A Microfilm Compilation; digital image, Maryland State Archives.
- Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia; digital image, Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative.
- Lincoln University, Pennsylvania; digital image, Lincoln.edu.
- Maryland State Colonization Society Papers, Maryland Historical Society; digital image, Maryland State Archives.
- National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, DC; digital image, Ancestry.com.
Published Sources
Periodicals
- African Repository and Colonial Journal
- African Repository
- Appalachian Journal
- History Compass
- Journal of American Studies
- Journal of Negro History
- Journal of Southern History
- Lynch’s Ferry: A Journal of Local History
- Magazine of the Jefferson County Historical Society
- Maryland Colonization Journal, New Series
- Maryland Colonization Journal
- Pennsylvania History
- Smithsonian Magazine
- Virginia Magazine of History and Biography
- West Virginia History
- Winchester-Frederick County Historical Society Journal
- Alexandria, Virginia. The Alexandria Herald
- Brooklyn, New York. Brooklyn Daily Eagle
- Charlestown, Virginia. Virginia Free Press and Farmers' Repository
- Charlestown, Virginia. Virginia Free Press
- Hagerstown, Maryland. Herald of Freedom & Torch Light
- Leesburg, Virginia. Genius of Liberty
- Martinsburg, Virginia. Martinsburg Gazette and Public Advertiser
- Monrovia, Liberia. Liberia Herald
- New York City, New York. The Emancipator
- New York, New York. The Anglo-African
- New York, New York. The New York Times
- Port Tobacco, Maryland. Port Tobacco Times, and Charles County Advertiser
- Richmond, Virginia. Daily Richmond Times
- Richmond, Virginia. The Virginian Colonizationist
- Sandusky, Ohio. Daily Commercial Register
- Shepherdstown, Virginia. Shepherdstown Register
- Staunton, Virginia. Republican Vindicator
- Staunton, Virginia. Staunton Spectator
- Washington, DC. The National Era
- Wheeling, Virginia. Wheeling Daily Intelligencer
Books
- The Annual Report of the Auxiliary Society of Frederick County, Va., for Colonizing the Free People of Colour in the United States. Winchester, Va.: The Auxiliary Society, 1820, Digital images. Internet Archive. https://archive.org/details/annualreportofau00auxi/page/n5/mode/2up : 2 May 2023.
- American Colonization Society. Constitution, Government, and Digest of the Laws of Liberia. Washington, DC: Way and Gideon, 1825, Digital image. The Open University, CORE. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/14515777.pdf : 29 Aug 2023.
- American Colonization Society. Fiftieth Annual Report of the American Colonization Society, with the Proceedings of the Annual Meeting and of the Board of Directors, January 15 and 16, 1867.. Washington, DC: American Colonization Society, 1867. Pages 56, Digital images. Hathi Trust Digital Library. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=inu.30000035082712&view=1up&seq=64 : 2 Apr 2021.
- Andrews, Charles Wesley. A Memoir of Mrs. Ann R. Page, Second Edition. New York: Protestant Episcopal Society for the Promotion of Evangelical Knowledge, 1856, Digital image. Google Books. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Memoir_of_Mrs_Anne_R_Page/-DJVAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0 : 29 Aug 2023.
- Andrews, William L., Regina E. Mason, editors. Life of William Grimes, the Runaway Slave. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008. Pages 34-35, 38, 42.
- Bailey, Rufus William. The issue, presented in a series of letters on slavery. New York: John S. Taylor, Brick Church Chapel, 1837.
- Banneker, Benjamin, Thomas Jefferson. Copy of a Letter from Benjamin Banneker to the Secretary of State, with His Answer. Philadelphia: Daniel Lawrence, 1792, Digital image. Library of Congress. https://www.loc.gov/item/17022848/ : 29 Aug 2023.
- Banton, Caree. More Auspicious Shores: Barbadian Migration to Liberia, Blackness, and the Making of An African Republic. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019.
- Burin, Eric. Slavery and the Peculiar Solution: A History of the American Colonization Society. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2008.
- Burrowes, Carl Patrick. Between the Kola Forest and the Salty Sea: A History of the Liberian People Before 1800. Bomi County, Liberia: Know Your Self Press, 2016.
- Burrowes, Carl Patrick. Black Christian Republicanism: The Writings of Hilary Teage (1805-1853). Bomi County, Liberia: Know Your Self Press, 2019.
- Burrowes, Carl Patrick. Citizenship and Nationality in Liberia: The Half That Has Never Been Told. Bomi County, Liberia: Know Your Self Press, 2019.
- Burrowes, Carl Patrick. Liberia and the Quest for Freedom: The Half That Has Never Been Told. Bomi County, Liberia: Know Your Self Press, 2019.
- Campbell, Penelope. Maryland in Africa: The Maryland State Colonization Society, 1831-1857. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1971.
- Ciment, James. Another America: The Story of Liberia and the Former Slaves Who Ruled It. New York: Hill and Wang, 2013.
- Clegg, Claude Andrew, III. The Price of Liberty: African Americans and the Making of Liberia. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2004.
- Dew, Thomas R.. Review of the Debate in the Virginia Legislature of 1831 and 1832. Richmond, Virginia: T. W. White, 1832, Digital image. Internet Archive. https://archive.org/details/reviewofdebatein00dewt/page/n7/mode/2up : 29 Aug 2023.
- Dunn, Elwood, Amos J. Beyan, and Carl Patrick Burrowes. Historical Dictionary of Liberia. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press, 2001.
- Emma, Lapsansky-Werner J, and Margaret Hope Bacon. Back to Africa: Benjamin Coates and the Colonization Movement in America, 1848-1880. Univeristy Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2005.
- Hall, Richard L.. On Afric's Shore: A History of Maryland in Liberia, 1834-1857. Baltimore: Maryland Historical Society, 2004.
- Huffman, Alan. Mississippi in Africa: The Saga of the Slaves of Prospect Hill Plantation and Their Legacy in Liberia. New York: Gotham Books, 2004.
- James, Winston. The Struggles of John Brown Russwurm: The Life and Writings of a Pan-Africanist Pioneer, 1799-1851. New York: NYU Press, 2010.
- Jefferson, Thomas. Notes on the State of Virginia. Philadelphia: Prichard and Hall, 1785, Digital image. Documenting the American South. https://docsouth.unc.edu/southlit/jefferson/jefferson.html : 29 Aug 2023.
- Kierner, Cynthia A, and Sandra Gioia Treadway. Virginia Women: Their Lives and Times. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2015.
- Latrobe, John H. B. Maryland in Liberia: A History of the Colony Planted by the Maryland State Colonization Society...at Cape Palmas..., 1833-1853. Baltimore: J. Murphy & Co., 1885, Digital image. Internet Archive. https://archive.org/details/marylandinliberi00latr/page/n1/mode/2up : 29 Aug 2023.
- Maris-Wolf, Ted. Family Bonds: Free Blacks and Re-enslavement Law in Antebellum Virginia. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2015.
- Noble, Mason. A Discourse Commemorative of the Life and Character of Ralph Randolph Gurley. Washington, DC: M'Gill & Witherow, printers, 1872, Digital images. Internet Archive. https://archive.org/details/discoursecommemo01nobl/mode/2up : 2 May 2023.
- Power-Greene, Ousmane K.. Against Wind and Tide: The African American Struggle Against the Colonization Movement. New York: NYU Press, 2014.
- Republic of Liberia. Liberia; Its Constitution and Declaration of Indepence, Address of the Colonists to the Free People of the United States. Philadelphia: William F. Geddes, printer, 1848, Digital image. The New York Public Library Digital Collections. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/348e0500-15e7-0138-ca16-5d4d73b67687 : 29 Aug 2023.
- Rothman, Joshua D. Notorious in the Neighborhood: Sex and Families across the Color Line in Virginia, 1787-1861. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003.
- Slaughter, Philip, Rev.. The Virginian History of African Colonization. Richmond: Macfarlane & Fergusson, 1855, Digital image. Internet Archive. https://archive.org/details/virginianhistory00slauiala/page/n7/mode/2up : 29 Aug 2023.
- Smith, Amanda. An Autobiography: The Story of the Lord's Dealings with Mrs. Amanda Smith, the Colored Evangelist…. Chicago: Meyer & Brother, 1893, Digital image. Documenting the American South. https://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/smitham/smith.html : 29 Aug 2023.
- Staudenraus, P. J.. The African Colonization Movement, 1816–1865. New York: Columbia University Press, 1961.
- Stewart, Whitney Nell, and John Garrison Marks, eds. Race and Nation in the Age of Emancipations. Race in the Atlantic World, 1700–1900, Series. Athens, Georgia: University of Georgia Press, 2018.
- Tarter, Brent. Virginians and Their Histories. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2020.
- Tomek, Beverly C., and Matthew J. Hetrick, eds. New Directions in the Study of African American Recolonization. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2017.
- Tyler-McGraw, Marie. An African Republic: Black and White Virginians in the Making of Liberia. Chapel Hill, North Carolina: University of North Carolina Press, 2007.
- Varon, Elizabeth R. We Mean to Be Counted: White Women and Politics in Antebellum Virginia. Chapel Hill, North Carolina: University of North Carolina Press, 1998.
- Walker, David. Walker's Appeal...to the Colored Citizens of the World..., Third Edition, Revised. Boston: David Walker, 1830, Digital image. Documenting the American South. https://docsouth.unc.edu/nc/walker/walker.html : 26 Jun 2023.
Letters
- Maryland Colonization Journal
Manuscripts
Online
- Cardinal News
- Burrowes, Carl Patrick. "Repatriates, Recaptives and African Abolitionists: The Untold Story of Liberia's Founding in 1822." Library of Congress. 9 Feb 2022. Video. https://www.loc.gov/item/webcast-10210/ : 29 Aug 2023.
- Cornell University. "Freedom on the move: A Database of Fugitives from American Slavery." Website. freedomonthemove.org : 29 Aug 2023.
- Harter, Tracy. "'No Home Defendant': Liberian Emigrants From Prince Edward County." Library of Virginia. The Uncommonwealth: Voices From the Library of Virginia, 11 Apr 2018. Blog. https://uncommonwealth.virginiamemory.com/blog/2018/04/11/no-home-defendant-liberian-emigrants-from-prince-edward-county/ : 28 Aug 2023.
- Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs . "Daguerreotypes." . Digital Collections. ahttp://www.loc.gov/pictures/collection/dag/ : October 26, 2022.
- Library of Congress. "African American Mosaic: Colonization." Library of Congress. . Exhibition. https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/african/afam002.html : 13 Sep 2022.
- Library of Congress. "African American Perspectives: Materials Selected from the Rare Book Collection." . Digital Collections. https://www.loc.gov/collections/african-american-perspectives-rare-books/?q=liberia : 13 Sep 2022.
- Library of Congress. "Maps of Liberia, 1830 to 1870." Website. https://www.loc.gov/collections/maps-of-liberia-1830-to-1870/ : September 27, 2022.
- Loudoun Museum. "The Lucas-Heaton Letters: The Lucas-Heaton Story Map." . Exhibition. https://loudounmuseum.maps.arcgis.com/apps/MapJournal/index.html?appid=8f83bd92c18f40dfbb4a455acbe85f2d&webmap=d69b68d0e43445f8baea7eb27b9f49c4 : 9 May 2023.
- Maryland Center for History and Culture. "American Colonization Society photograph collection." Website. https://mdhistory.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/469 : 29 Aug 2023.
- Montgomery [Virginia] Museum of Art and History. "A Story of Emancipation in Christiansburg." Montgomery Museum Blog, 21 May 2018. Blog. https://montgomerymuseum.org/a-story-of-emancipation-in-christiansburg/ : 29 Aug 2023.
- Saylor, Randy. "Timothy Rogers Jr: Quaker to Slave Master." Canadian Friends Historical Association, 2019. Research Paper. http://www.cfha.info/TimothyRogersJr.pdf : 12 Oct 2022.
Letters
- American Colonization Society Records, Manuscript Div., Library of Congress.
- American Colonization Society Records, Manuscript Div., Library of Congress. Digital images. Fold3.com.
- Papers of the Maryland State Colonization Society, Maryland Historical Society.
- Papers of the Maryland State Colonization Society, Maryland Historical Society. Digital images. Maryland State Archives.
- Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Virginia. Digital images. Archival Resources of the Virginias.
Bound Volumes
- Albemarle Co., Virginia Will Book, FamilySearch.org
- Berkeley Co., West Virginia Deed Book, FamilySearch.org
- Berkeley Co., West Virginia Will Book, FamilySearch.org
- Frederick Co., Maryland Deed Book
- Frederick Co., Virginia Deed Book
- Hampshire Co., West Virginia Loose Wills, Will Boxes, FamilySearch.org
- Jefferson Co., West Virginia Deed Book
- Jefferson Co., West Virginia Will Book
- Randolph Co., West Virginia Deed Book
- Rappahannock Co., Virginia Will Book, FamilySearch.org
- Rockbridge Co., Virginia Circuit Court Will Book
- Washington Co., Maryland Deed Book
Censuses
- Berkeley Co., Virginia, population schedule, Ancestry.com
- Fayette Co., Pennsylvania, population schedule, Ancestry.com
- Jefferson Co., Virginia, population schedule, Ancestry.com
- Pickaway Co., Ohio, population schedule, Ancestry.com
Images
- "Prints & Photographs Online Catalog." Database with digital images. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.. https://www.loc.gov/pictures/.
